-German Wars of Unification (1864, 1866, 1870–71)

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Chickering, Roger. "War, Society, and Culture, 1850-1914: The Rise of Militarism." In The Cambridge History of War, edited by Roger Chickering, Dennis E. Showalter and Hans van de Ven, 119-141. Vol. 4: War and the Modern World. Cambridge History of War 4: War and the Modern World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.
Hagemann, Karen. "German Heroes: The Cult of the Death for the Fatherland in Nineteenth-Century Germany." In Masculinities in Politics and War: Gendering Modern History, edited by Stefan Dudink, Karen Hagemann and John Tosh, 116-134. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2004.
Hagemann, Karen. "National Symbols and the Politics of Memory: The Prussian Iron Cross of 1813: Its Cultural Context and Its Aftermath." In War Memories: The Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars in Modern European Culture, edited by Alan I. Forrest, Etienne François and Karen Hagemann, 215-244. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.
Forth, Christopher E., and Bertrand Taithe. French Masculinities: History, Culture, and Politics. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007.
Hippler, Thomas. "The French Army, 1789-1914: Volunteers, Pressed Soldiers, and Conscripts." In Fighting for a Living: A Comparative History of Military Labour 1500-2000, edited by Erik-Jan Zürcher, 419-446. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2013.

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